Staff turnover and retention in addiction treatment: Annotated bibliography.

Developed by the Health Services Research Special Interest Group of the National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network, this bibliography is designed to briefly review the literature regarding staff turnover and retention in addiction treatment programs. The focus of this bibliography concerns issues regarding the continuation of professional staff who provide drug and alcohol treatment services, including personnel who provide direct addiction counseling or psychotherapeutic services in free-standing programs, hospital-, prison- or university-based programs, for-profit or not-for-profit programs, outpatient, day treatment, residential programs, therapeutic communities and halfway houses, and private practice. Publications that primarily focus on staff retention and turnover issues in settings other than addiction treatment programs (e.g. psychiatric or mental health facilities) have been excluded from this bibliography. Likewise excluded are publications that focus on non-professional staff, such as clerical workers. The bibliography consists of ten citations found in the database PsycINFO and focuses on peer-reviewed journals, books written for professionals, conference proceedings, reference books, handbooks and manuals, electronic collection items, dissertations, and encyclopedias. Most of the citations involve surveys of substance abuse treatment programs and staff regarding turnover, and most focus on treatment programs in the United States.